Abstract
The Pristine Mayenite Ca12Al14O33 (C12A7) Cement was simply synthesized by using solid-state reaction. The C12A7 and Graphene Oxide (GO) composites (C12A7_GO-x) with various contents of the GO suspension loading (x = 0 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, and 4 wt%) were directly prepared by mixing the C12A7 and GO. X-ray diffraction results of pristine C12A7 and all C12A7_GO composites indicated a pure phase corresponding to the standard of C12A7 cement. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the existence of GO in all C12A7_GO samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed the micrometer grain sizes and the occurrence of grain boundary interfaces for GO incorporation in all C12A7_GO samples. UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed the absorption value of all C12A7_GO samples and red shift near longer wavelengths when increasing the GO concentrations. The dielectric constant of C12A7_GO composites can be explained by the high density of free electron charges for the interfacial polarization on the GO surface. The maximum specific capacitance of C12A7_GO-4 electrode of 21.514 at a current density of 0.2 A g−1 can be attributed to the increase in the electrochemically active surface area for the formation of the electrical double layer capacitors behavior and the effects of high surface area GO connections. Also, the mechanical properties exhibited an increase in Vickers indenter hardness (HV) values with increasing GO contents. The highest HV value was 117.8 HV/2 kg at the C12A7_GO-4 sample. These results showed that the composite materials of the pristine C12A7 cement with GO were highly efficient. All in all, the GO material contained a high potential for enhancing low-cost cement materials in multifunctional properties such as optical, dielectric, electrochemical, and mechanical properties.
Highlights
Owing to the extensive physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the oxide ion, the conducting materials were produced by moving the oxide ions through the crystal structure
Rudradawong et al.[24] reported that a positive ion conduction of Mayenite C12A7/nano-carbon black composites (C12A7/nCB) resulted from oxygen ion vacancy occupying in extra framework which caused enhanced dielectric constant, Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and reduced thermal conductivity.According to several studies, bulk C12A7 material can be modified in terms of electrical conductivity, optical properties, and flexural and compressive strength by substituting the electron into the extra framework O2– anions in the nano-cages using a modified graphene based material (graphene oxides (GO))[25,26,27,28]
Yakovlev et al.[32] indicated that the enhanced electrical conductivity of electride C12A7 (C12A7:e−) nanoparticles was successfully prepared via a carbon nano-reaction process with reduced grapheme oxide composite coated by nano-caged C12A7 particles
Summary
Owing to the extensive physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the oxide ion, the conducting materials were produced by moving the oxide ions through the crystal structure These materials have been widely studied and applied in various fields of technology for example superconductors, catalysts, ceramics, batteries, supercapacitors, solid oxide fuel cells, and photoelectric d evise[1,2,3,4,5]. Rudradawong et al.[24] reported that a positive ion conduction of Mayenite C12A7/nano-carbon black composites (C12A7/nCB) resulted from oxygen ion vacancy occupying in extra framework which caused enhanced dielectric constant, Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and reduced thermal conductivity.According to several studies, bulk C12A7 material can be modified in terms of electrical conductivity, optical properties, and flexural and compressive strength by substituting the electron into the extra framework O2– anions in the nano-cages using a modified graphene based material (graphene oxides (GO))[25,26,27,28]. In the process of preparation, various contents of GO suspension loading (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 wt%) in the pristine C12A7 cement were considered as a microstructure, and a potentiality for multifunctional properties (optical, dielectric, electrochemical, and mechanical properties) due to the free electrons interaction between GO surfaces and free extra framework O2– anions in C12A7 lattice.The pristine C12A7 and all C12A7_GO composite materials were investigated in terms of phase formation, microstructure, optical, dielectric, electrochemical and mechanical properties
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