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Abstract
A hydrothermal synthesis method was employed for the preparation of tin sulfide (α-SnS) microrod samples (SnS-A and SnS-B) using ethylenediamine and deionized water as the surfactant at ratios from 50 : 50 to 100 : 00. The atomic structures of the α-SnS microrods were studied using atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis and total synchrotron X-ray scattering data. The synchrotron X-ray diffraction (ScXRD) patterns and PDF data reveal that the structure of the SnS microrods is orthorhombic. From the refinement of the PDF, the first and second peaks correspond to nearest (Sn2+–S2−) and second nearest distances (Sn2+–Sn2+) of 2.546 (0.003) Å and 4.106 (0.004) Å, and 2.527 (0.005) Å and 4.087 (0.006) Å for SnS-A and SnS-B samples, respectively. The TEM results show that samples SnS-A and SnS-B have a microrod structure, with microrod diameters of 800 nm and 500 nm with lengths of tens of micrometers, respectively. The SnS-A and SnS-B samples show a direct band gap of 1.6 eV and 2 eV, respectively, using the Kubelka–Munk transformation of the UV-visible spectra. The micro-Raman spectra of the SnS-A and SnS-B microrods exhibited an Ag mode of SnS at 228.4 and 223 cm−1, respectively. The second peaks at 306.7, and 309 cm−1 are associated with the secondary phases of the SnS2 phase, whereas the third broad peaks at 616.5, and 613 cm−1 revealed that there was a deformation mode of sulfate in the SnS-A and SnS-B samples.
Highlights
Tin sul de (SnS) has attracted much attention in recent years due to its narrow bandgap that displays optical activity in the near-infrared (NIR) region, with potential applications in photovoltaic devices and NIR detectors.[1,2] Tin sul de is one of the most abundant, cheapest, eco-friendly and, due to its direct band gap, is used for applications in solar cells,[3] lithium storage,[4] hydrogen storage,[5] thermoelectric and photonic devices[6] and so on
The pair distribution function (PDF) peak position contributes to the average distance separation of the pair, and its integrated intensity reveals the number of coordinate atoms, and its width and shape indicate the static or dynamic disorder in the pair.[22,23,24]
A hydrothermal synthesis method was employed for the synthesis of the SnS-A and SnS-B microrods
Summary
Tin sul de (SnS) has attracted much attention in recent years due to its narrow bandgap that displays optical activity in the near-infrared (NIR) region, with potential applications in photovoltaic devices and NIR detectors.[1,2] Tin sul de is one of the most abundant, cheapest, eco-friendly and, due to its direct band gap, is used for applications in solar cells,[3] lithium storage,[4] hydrogen storage,[5] thermoelectric and photonic devices[6] and so on. The PDF peak position contributes to the average distance separation of the pair, and its integrated intensity reveals the number of coordinate atoms, and its width and shape indicate the static or dynamic disorder in the pair.[22,23,24] Raman spectroscopy is a vibrational technique routinely used to provide local structural information at the atomic scale.
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