Synthesis, Elucidation, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and DFT calculations of 4-chloro-N-[2-(2-1H-indol-3-yl-acetylamino)-phenyl]-benzamide

Abstract

The indole nucleus is an important element of many natural and synthetic molecules with significant biological activity. Molecules bearing indole nucleus present diverse biological properties such as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities, which can be associated both to DNA and protein interactions. The title compound, 4-Chloro-N-[2-(2-1H-indol-3-yl-acetylamino)-phenyl]-benzamide (5), was synthesized in good yield by stirring the compound N-(2-Amino-phenyl)-4-chloro-benzamide (3) with (1H-Indol-3-yl)-acetic acid, in dry dichloromethane followed by the addition of lutidine, and TBTU in cooled condition. The product obtained (5), was characterized by spectroscopic techniques (HNMR, IR, LC-MS). The structure was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction study. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system in the space group P21. The unit cell parameters are a = 5.116 (8) Å, b = 17.30 (3) Å, c = 11.519 (18) Å, β = 102.441 (18)°, Z = 2. The structure was reinforced by NH⋯O, NH⋯N, CH⋯O, and CH … cg interactions. To understand the intermolecular interactions responsible for molecular packing and the strength of molecular packing in the crystal, Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out. DFT calculations were performed to analyze HOMO LUMO energy levels.