Abstract
Two water-soluble 6-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (pzta)-based Cu(II) complexes, [Cu(pzta)(l-LysH)(H2O)](ClO4)2·H2O (1) and [Cu(pzta)(l-Phe)(H2O)]ClO4·0.75H2O (2), (l-LysH = protonated l-lysinate; l-Phe = l-phenylalaninate), were synthesized and characterized. X-ray crystallography analysis revealed that the coordination geometries around Cu(II) in both complexes can be described as a distorted square pyramid, in which the pzta (N,N) and amino acids (N,O) both act as bidentate chelating ligands. The binding properties of the complexes toward calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were studied by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods, together with viscosity measurements, and isothermal titration calorimetry. Overall, these studies indicated that both complexes associate with DNA via a groove binding mode, driven mainly by hydrophobic interactions. This conclusion is further supported by molecular docking calculations. In addition, the DNA cleavage and SOD-like activities of the complexes were investigated. We found that the complexes can cleave plasmid DNA efficiently in the presence of ascorbate through an oxidative pathway and they also have favorable SOD-like activities.
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