Abstract
Second generation (2G) biorefineries have shown a potential to convert lignocellulosic wastes into fuels, energy, and other value-added products. However, despite the efforts made in R&D, there are several barriers to overcome their successful operation and profitability. This motivates to intensify 2G biorefineries by integrating unit operations, performing mass integration and heat integration analysis. The main focus of this work is to present the most important aspects of the design and synthesis for the intensification of 2G biorefineries, and the main contribution is the proposal of a systematic approach to evaluate different process configurations by defining a global intensification criterion. This criterion incorporates indicators to assess waste emissions, utility duties, energy consumption and production cost. The proposed methodology is used to decide the best synthesis and design of a 2G biorefinery for the main ethanol production. Various biorefinery configurations are proposed considering different levels of intensification, and comparing two different pretreatments and two alternative separation processes. As a result, the best intensified design is identified by using the proposed global intensification criterion.
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