Synthesis, crystal structure, vibrational spectroscopy, DFT, optical study and thermal analysis of a new stannate(IV) complex based on 2-ethyl-6-methylanilinium (C9H14N)2[SnCl6]

Abstract

The new organic-inorganic compound, (C9H14N)2[SnCl6], has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at room temperature. Structural analysis indicates that this compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system with C2/m space group. The NH⋯Cl hydrogen bonds between (C9H14N)+ cations and [SnCl6]2- dianions contribute to the cohesion and the stability of the atomic arrangement. Hirshfeld surface analysis was used to investigate intermolecular interactions, as well 2D finger plots were conducted to reveal the contribution of these interactions in the crystal structure quantitatively. Furthermore, the room temperature Infrared (IR) spectrum of the title compound was analyzed on the basis of data found in the literature. The optical properties of the crystal were studied using optical absorption UV–visible and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, which were investigated at room temperature exhibited one band at 237 nm and a photoluminescence emission at 407 nm. Experimental room-temperature X-ray studies were supported by theoretical methods using the DFT/B3LYP methods with the LanL2DZ basis set. The X-ray powder is in agreement with the X-ray structure. To determine molecular electrical transport properties we studied the energy difference between Occupied, HOMO, and Lowest Unoccupied, LUMO orbitals. Moreover, this compound was characterized by thermal analysis between 300 and 750 K and shows that the compound remains stable up to the temperature 383 K. Finally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis is reported to determine the degree of oxidation of tin in this compound and analyze the surface chemistry of (C9H14N)2[SnCl6].