Abstract
A series of energetic polymers, poly(vinyl 2,4,6-trinitrophenylacetal)-g-polyglycidylazides (PVTNP-g-GAPs), were synthesized via cross-linking reactions of PVTNP with three different molecular weight GAPs using toluene diisocyanate as the cross-linking agent. The structures of these energetic polymers were characterized by ultraviolet visible spectra (UV–Vis), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR). The glass-transition temperatures of these energetic polymers were measured with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method, and the results showed that all the measured energetic polymers have two distinct glass-transition temperatures. The thermal decomposition behaviors of these energetic polymers were evaluated by differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermogravimetric analysis tandem infrared spectrum (TGA-IR). The results indicated that all the measured energetic polymers have excellent resistance to thermal decomposition up to 200 °C, and the initial thermal decomposition was attributed to the breakdown of azide group. Moreover, the sensitivity properties of these energetic polymers were measured with the national military standard methods and their compatibilities with the main energetic components of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)-based melt-cast explosive were evaluated by using the DTA method. The results indicate that these energetic polymers have feasible mechanical sensitivities and can be safely used with TNT, cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX), 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7), 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB).
Highlights
State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Materials, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China; Abstract: A series of energetic polymers, poly(vinyl 2,4,6-trinitrophenylacetal)-g-polyglycidylazides (PVTNP-g-GAPs), were synthesized via cross-linking reactions of PVTNP with three different molecular weight GAPs using toluene diisocyanate as the cross-linking agent
We have reported an aromatic nitro polymer polyvinyl 2,4,6-trinitrophenylacetal (PVTNP), which was synthesized through the aldehyde acetal reaction of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and
The structures of PVTNP-g-GAPs were confirmed by their ATR-FTIR, ultraviolet visible spectra (UV–Vis), 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR) and
Summary
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) based melt-cast explosives are widely used in industrial and military applications because of their high detonation velocity, high power, thermal stability, adjustability to various shape chambers, and so on [1,2]. Melt-cast explosives exhibit poor mechanical properties and show undesirable defects, such as cracking, exudation, voiding, and brittleness, which cannot fully meet the requirements of weapons development [3,4]. Other components, such as binders, need to be added to improve the performance of melt-cast explosives [5,6,7]. We further functionalized PVTNP via a two-step process involving initial chloroacetylation and subsequent azido reaction to afford a new energetic polymer polyvinyl 2,4,6-trinitrophenylacetal-co-polyvinyl acetate azide (PVTNP-co-PVAA).[27] This new energetic copolymer exhibited better mechanical properties and has good compatibility with TNT, 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX).
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