Synthesis, characterization, in-vitro anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial screening of metal(II) mixed diclofenac and acetaminophen complexes

J. A. Obaleye,A. O. Rajee,A. A. Aliyu,K. E. Bello

doi:10.4314/bcse.v35i1.6

Abstract

Mixed ligand complexes derived from diclofenac potassium salt (Kdc) and acetaminophen (ace) has been synthesized and proposed to have a general formula [MB] where M = Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+and B = (ace)(dc)(H2O)2 except for Mn2+ complex which exists as [Mn(ace)(dc)OH2]. The complexes were characterized by solubility, melting point, conductivity, elemental analyses, UV-Vis, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) study and magnetic susceptibility measurement. Electronic absorption spectra data are characteristic of octahedral structures for [MB]. The IR spectra revealed a bidentate coordination mode. In acetaminophen, the nitrogen and carbonyl-O atoms of the amide group were involved while the carboxylate oxygen atoms of potassium diclofenac were used; typical of a carboxylic acid derivative. The compounds were screened for in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity by inhibition of albumin denaturation assay and antimicrobial activity against bacteria strains: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus anthrax, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and a fungus Aspergillus niger. Some of the tested compounds showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity when compared to the standard drug diclofenac potassium salt. The in-vitro antimicrobial screening revealed an increased activity of the complexes against the bacteria isolates compared to the free ligands.  KEY WORDS: Metal(II) ion, NSAIDs, Anti-inflammatory activity, Diclofenac potassium salt, XRPD, Antimicrobial activity  Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(1), 77-86. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i1.6

Highlights

Synthesis and investigation of metal complexes with active pharmaceuticals, in which the drug molecules play a role of ligand, have been regarded as a research domain of increasing interest for inorganic, pharmaceutical, and medicinal chemistry [1, 2]
Combination analgesic products have been effective because they activate multiple pain-inhibitory pathways and offer a broader spectrum of relief. This may include multiple afferents and pathways as well as multiple processes [8]. Within this context and after taking into consideration the importance of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in medicine, the enhanced activity and application of their metal complexes in drugs design, as well as a continuation of researches concerning the interaction of metal ions with drug ligands [2, 9,10,11], we present in this research, synthesis of metal complexes of diclofenac and acetaminophen
The electrical conductivity (E.C.) values in 1 mM DMF ranges from 17.9-10.4 μscm-1 and below 90 Ω-1cm2mol-1, indicating their non-electrolytic nature [16]

Summary

Introduction

Synthesis and investigation of metal complexes with active pharmaceuticals, in which the drug molecules play a role of ligand, have been regarded as a research domain of increasing interest for inorganic, pharmaceutical, and medicinal chemistry [1, 2]. Synthesis and characterization of metal(II) mixed diclofenac and acetaminophen complexes 79 The complexes were prepared by stirring methanolic solutions (15 mL) of diclofenac potassium salt (0.334 g, 1 mmol) and acetaminophen (0.151 g, 1 mmol) for 30 min.

Results

Conclusion