Abstract
A gold(I) complex with triphenylphosphine and 2-thiouracil, named 2-thiouracilato(triphenylphosphine)gold(I) (Ph3P-Au-tuH), was synthesized and characterized by a set of chemical and spectroscopic techniques. By elemental and mass spectrometric (ESI-QTOF-MS) analyses, the molecular formula AuC22H18N2OSP was proposed, corresponding to a 1:1 metal/ligand composition. Spectroscopic studies based on the infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of 1H, 13C and 31P evidenced the conversion of the chlorido(triphenylphosphine)gold(I) into the 2-thiouracilato(triphenylphosphine)gold(I), with substitution of Cl− by thiouracil. The crystal structure of the Ph3P-Au-tuH complex was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction and shows the coordination of 2-thiouracil to gold(I) by the thiol group. Further, the in vitro antiproliferative assays of the 2-thiouracilato(triphenylphosphine)gold(I) complex showed its high activity when compared to the chlorido(triphenylphosphine)gold(I) one against lung (NCI-H460) and colon (HT29) tumor cell lines, with total growth inhibition (TGI) values of 26.7 and 28.5 μg mL−1, respectively, and also high selectivity towards tumor cells when compared to the normal cell line (HaCat). In addition, the Ph3P-Au-tuH complex showed a TGI value lower than 0.25 μg mL−1 for the leukemia cell line (K-562) with a selectivity index (SI) of 24.4, exhibiting a better in vitro cytotoxicity and selectivity than doxorubicin against this specific cell.
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