Synthesis, characterization and toxicological evaluation of maltodextrin capped cadmium sulfide nanoparticles in human cell lines and chicken embryos

Abstract

Our aim was to synthesize, characterize and evaluate maltodextrin coated cadmium sulfide (CdS‐MD) semiconductor nanoparticles in human cell lines and chicken embryos. The particle size and morphology of the CdS‐MD nanoparticles were characterized using TEM. Toxicological evaluation was carried out by using human tumor cell lines. Fertile chicken eggs were used for stereoscopic evaluation of growth defects in CdS‐MD nanoparticles exposed embryos. CdS‐MD nanoparticles at 5ìg/mL induced cell death by apoptosis and necrosis in MDA‐MD‐231 cells in a dose response manner. The exposure of these cells to 7–9ìg/mL of CdS‐MD nanoparticles induced ROS production. CdS‐MD nanoparticles‐treated MDA‐MB‐231 cells at >;3ìg/mL increased cell proliferation in a dose response manner at 7 days. Exposures of chicken embryos to 6ìg/mL CdS‐MD nanoparticles resulted in a dose‐dependent increase in anomalies centered on the heart, central nervous system, placodes, neural tube and somites. Our results indicate that CdS‐MD nanoparticles induce cell death and alter cell proliferation in human cell lines at concentrations higher than 3ìg/mL, and they are embryotoxic at doses of 6ìg/mL and higher.