Synthesis, characterization and microbial protection of palm oil based polyurethane / bentonite / chitosan as paint and coating material

Abstract

A research on the manufacture of polyurethane-based palm oil for materials paint coating with the addition of montmorillonite nanoparticles as a filler of heat-resistant polyurethane paint and chitosan for antimicrobial the material. The processing of bentonite to be montmorillonite through several stages including: sedimentation, ultra-sonication, dried, sieved with a 200 mesh sieve, and then characterized. Furthermore, Utilization of chitosan for anti-microbial properties of the material are also performed in this study, including testing to comprehend the development of harmful bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. MMT isolated from bentonite then modified with Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), modified MMT as filler in polyurethane palm oil. Manufacture of polyols from palm oil oleic acid by reaction of epoxidation and hydroxylation, synthesis palm oil polyol product is as a material for the manufacture of polyurethane reacted with isocyanates. Polyurethanes are a major component in the manufacture of the coating of paint but still has weaknesses, especially heat resistance and antimicrobial. The addition of MMT into the polyurethane as much as 5% can increase the heat as evidenced by TGA test. An antimicrobial material with a slow release property was developed based on chitosan and successfully identified with TG-FTIR analysis and surfaces coated with chitosan showed excellent antimicrobial properties by killing both Gram-positive human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The result show of this research for virgin PU 10% reduction in weight of the sample begins at temperatures 50–150°C decomposition at temperatures of 380°C and to PU/bentonite/ Chitosan initial weight reduction begins at a temperature of 200–250°C by 5% and the decomposition temperature of 600°C. The chitosan and bentonite in the PU based on palm oil plays an important role not only in accelerating the cure of the coating but also in improving the mechanical properties and biodegradability of the coated film.