Synthesis, characterization, and in-vitro bioimaging applications of green emissive AgInS2-based core multi and alloyed shell (AgInS2/CdS/ZnS and AgInS2/ZnS/CdS) nanocrystals

Abstract

This study explores the synthesis, characterization, and preliminary bioimaging applications of green-emissive AgInS2-based nanocrystals featuring core-multi and alloyed shell structures, specifically AgInS2/CdS/ZnS and AgInS2/ZnS/CdS. The nanocrystals were synthesized using a controlled hot-injection method, which ensured the formation of uniform core–shell structures. Detailed characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence spectroscopy confirmed the successful development of these core-multi and alloyed shell architectures. The photoluminescence quantum yields (QY) were determined to be approximately 25 % for AgInS2/CdS/ZnS and 30 % for AgInS2/ZnS/CdS, highlighting their efficient luminescent properties. In preliminary bioimaging studies, these nanocrystals exhibited effective cellular imaging capabilities. They showed pronounced fluorescence with minimal background interference in A549 and U87MG cells, suggesting their potential for precise and targeted imaging applications. Despite these promising results, further investigation is needed to fully understand the specificity of these nanocrystals and their interaction mechanisms with various cell types. The observed quantum yields and targeted imaging capabilities indicate that AgInS2-based nanocrystals are promising candidates for advanced bioimaging technologies.