Synthesis, characterization and (in vitro and in silico) biological activity of a series of dioxouranium(VI) complexes with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Abstract

The reaction of the dioxouranium(VI) ion with a series of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), namely mefenamic acid, indomethacin, diclofenac, diflunisal and tolfenamic acid, as ligands in the absence or presence of diverse N,N′–donors (1,10–phenanthroline,2,2′–bipyridine or 2,2′–bipyridylamine) as co–ligands led to the formation of ten complexes bearing the formulas [UO2(NSAID–O,O′)2(O–donor)2] or [UO2(NSAID–O,O′)2(N,N′–donor)], respectively. The complexes were characterized with diverse spectroscopic techniques and the crystal structures of three complexes were determined by single–crystal X–ray crystallography. The biological profile of the resultant complexes was assessed in vitro and in silico. The in vitro studies include their antioxidant properties (ability to scavenge free radicals 1,1–diphenyl–picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′–azinobis(3–ethylbenzothiazoline–6–sulfonic acid) and to reduce H2O2), their interaction with DNA (linear calf–thymus DNA or supercoiled circular pBR322 plasmid DNA) and their affinity for serum albumins (bovine and human serum albumin). In silico molecular docking calculations were performed regarding the behavior of the complexes towards DNA and their binding to both albumins.