Synthesis, characterization and computational studies of 1,3-bis[( E)-furan-2-yl)methylene]urea and 1,3-bis[( E)-furan-2-yl)methylene]thiourea

Abstract

Abstract Urea and thiourea derivatives: 1,3-bis[(E)-furan-2-yl)methylene]urea (BFMU) and 1,3-bis[(E)-furan-2-yl)methylene]thiourea (BFMT) were synthesized and characterized by spectrometry analyses (UV, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR). They were screened for antibacterial (Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Xanthomonas axonopodis and Streptococcus bovis) and antifungal (Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Cercospora zeae-maydis) activities. Quantum chemical calculations of frontier molecular orbital energies (EHOMO and ELUMO), and their associated global parameters were carried out by DFT levels of theory, with complete relaxation in the potential energy surface using 6-31G* basis set (DFT/B3LYP/6-31G*). Azomethine functional groups (C=N) appeared at δ 7.6 ppm and δ 7.0 ppm in the proton spectra, the peaks between δ 105 and δ 160 ppm of 13C spectra represent the methylene carbons (C=C). BFMU is a better inhibitor of P. aeruginosa and S. bovis, while BFMT is a better inhibitor of S. typhi, S. aureus and X. axonopodis and the fungi isolates (F. oxysporum, C. gloeosporioides and C. zeae-maydis) used. The global parameters agreed favorably with the experimental results, indicating the higher activity of BFMT.