Abstract
In this work sixteen hydroxyl ammonium Protic Ionic Liquids derived from a proton transfer reaction between four different substituted amines and four different low molecular weight aliphatic and alicyclic carboxylic acids have been synthesized. The synthesized PILs were structurally characterized by NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy whereas two of their more important physicochemical properties namely viscosity and glass transition temperature (Tg) were evaluated. The effect of alkyl chain length and substitution on the anionic and cationic component of the PILs scaffold has been discussed for the studied properties. It seems that Tg values are mainly affected by the carboxylate anion structure whereas viscosity is controlled mainly by the structural features of the cationic part of the PILs. In order to estimate their environmental impact and reinforce their “green” character, biodegradation studies, as well as toxicity evaluation experiments have also been conducted. The synthesized PILs can be confidently labelled as green considering that they are not toxic or present low toxicity to the nauplii of the brine shrimp A. salina whereas they show biodegradability levels between 41–64%, according to the manometric respirometric method which measures the biological oxygen demand (BOD5) by microorganisms in order to degrade PILs via bio-oxidation in five days.
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