Synthesis and Spectroscopic Investigation of N-(Morpholinofurfuryl) Maleimide and its Copper (II) Complex uses in Biological Applications

Abstract

The Mannich base N-(morpholinofurfuryl) maleimide (MOFM) is synthesized through a Mannich reaction using Maleimide as one of the starting materials. The reaction likely involves the condensation of Maleimide with formaldehyde and a secondary amine. It is then complexed with copper (II) to form the copper complex. This complexation process might involve reacting the Mannich base with a copper (II) salt under appropriate conditions. Characterization techniques such as FT-IR, UV–visible spectroscopy, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy are used to confirm the formation of the complex and determine its structural features. The antioxidant properties of both the Mannich base ligand and its copper (II) complex are evaluated using assays such as DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and reducing power assay. These assays assess the ability of the compounds to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. It was found that MOFM had an IC50 value of 4.1762 x 10-4 and its Cu(II) complex had 2.5772 x 10-4 which confirms the ability of the prepared compounds to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. The antimicrobial activity of the copper (II) complex of MOFM and the ligand is tested against various microorganisms including Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus using the agar-well diffusion method. Both the compounds had good antibacterial and antifungal properties. By conducting these experiments and analyses, you can gain insights into the structural features, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial efficacy of both the Mannich base ligand and its copper (II) complex, which could have potential applications in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, materials science, or environmental protection.