Synthesis and properties of the cationic fluorocarbon emulsifier-free latex in a new micellar system

Abstract

Cationic fluorocarbon emulsifier-free latex (CFEL) based on hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (FA), styrene, butyl acrylate, and methacrylatoethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is successfully prepared in a new micellar system in which the fluorinated surface active monomer (FSM) based on isophorone diisocyanate, dodecafluoroheptanol, and allyl polyethylene glycol is used. The chemical structure of FSM is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, and its surface-active properties have been investigated by surface tension determinator. Besides, effect of FSM, FA, and also the curing temperature on the latex and film properties has been investigated by the coagulation ratio (Wc), precipitation ratio (Wp), Nano-ZS particle sizer, contact angle, and water absorption ratio, respectively. The results show that the FSM is successfully prepared. The CMC of FSM is 2.37 g L−1 and the γCMC is 26.31mN m−1 accordingly. The more FSM content makes more stable emulsion and have only little adverse effect on its film properties. When the FSM content increases from 1.05 to 13.11 %, the Wc and Wp decrease by 83.5 and 32.1 %, respectively, and the surface free energy (γ) of CFEL film only increases by 8.3 %. The more FA content makes less stable emulsion but have favorable effect on its film properties. When the FA content increases from 0 to 25.11 %, the γ is decreased by 55.1 %. The curing temperature has much impact on film property. For example, the γ from 27.47 to 20.36 mJ · m−2 when the curing temperature rises from 30 to 110 °C.