Abstract
Cubic silsesquioxane macromonomers (R8Si8O12) were prepared by the hydrolysis and polycondensation of trifunctional silane (RSi(OC2H5)3) in the solvents with acid and base acting as catalysts. The effects of reaction conditions, such as monomer concentration, type of solvents, amount of water, reaction temperature, pH value of medium, and catalyst were investigated by calculating the yield of the products. We used the mixture solvents of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) and anhydrous ethanol instead of the single solvent. The high boiling point of MIBK solvent was advantageous of increasing the reaction temperature and the formation of the silsesquioxane (SSQ), and eventually shortening the reaction time and increasing the yield. The results showed that the chose of these reaction parameters determine the properties of trifunctional silane. The microstructures of SSQ macromers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, element analysis and 29Si-NMR spectroscopy, and the results showed these synthesized macromonomers having the formula R8Si8O12 and the cage structure. The solubility of SSQs was found to be related to their structure; the longer the corner groups, the higher the solubility. The thermal properties of SSQ macromers were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the data showed that SSQ had a higher decomposition temperature and higher thermal residue.
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