Synthesis and properties of amphiphilic copolymers of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate with uniform polyoxyethylene grafts

Abstract

AbstractAmphiphilic copolymers of butyl acrylate (BA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) with uniform polyoxyethylene (PEO) grafts were synthesized by the copolymerization of BA and MMA with a methacrylate‐terminated PEO macromer in benzene with azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. The effects of various copolymerization conditions on the grafting efficiency and molecular weight of the copolymers, as well as the effect of the copolymerization time on the conversions of the macromer and the monomers, were reported. The copolymers, with uniform PEO grafts, were purified by successive extractions with water and ether/acetone (3/7) to remove unreacted macromer and ungrafted copolymers of MMA and BA, respectively. The purified graft copolymers were characterized with IR, 1H‐NMR, membrane osmometry, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry. The highest grafting efficiency was about 90%, and molecular weight of the copolymers varied around 105. The average grafting number of the copolymer was about 10. A study of the crystalline properties, emulsifying properties, phase‐transfer catalytic ability, and mechanical properties of the graft copolymers showed that the emulsifying volume decreased with the increasing molecular weight of the PEO grafts but increased with the PEO content. The conversion of potassium phenolate in the Williamson solid–liquid reaction obviously increased with an increasing PEO content of the graft copolymers. The crystallinity of the graft copolymers increased with the PEO content of the graft copolymers or the molecular weight of the macromer used. The copolymers, prepared under certain conditions, behaved as thermoplastic elastomers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2982–2988, 2003