Abstract
A novel liquid crystal core unit 5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene was designed and synthesized in four steps and three mesogens containing terminal cyano group were then obtained. The effects of this skeleton on the mesophase and physical properties of liquid crystals were then investigated by compared with two series of reference compounds based on 1,4-disubstituted phenylene and disubstituted phenylcyclohexane and found this unit can benefit the formation of the nematic phase. Besides, both the birefringence (Δn) and dielectric anisotropy (Δε) values were increased after the introduction of this core unit. Density function theory calculations suggested that the combination of thiophene and cyclopentane had increased the height/width ratio and linearity of the mesogens which can stabilise the liquid crystal phase. Five different liquid crystals based on this new core were synthesized at last to further illustrate the usefulness of this core in constructing high birefringence and large dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals with wide nematic phase interval.
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