Synthesis and potent antitumor activity of new arylamino derivatives of nor-β-lapachone and nor-α-lapachone

Abstract

Several arylamino derivatives of nor-β-lapachone were synthesized in moderate to high yields and found to show very potent cytotoxicity against six neoplastic cancer cells: SF-295 (central nervous system), HCT-8 (colon), MDAMB-435 (breast), HL-60 (leukaemia), PC-3 (prostate), and B-16 (murine melanoma), with IC 50 below 1 μg/mL. Their cytotoxicities were compared to doxorubicin and with their synthetic precursors, β-lapachone and nor-β-lapachone. The activity against a normal murine fibroblast L-929 showed that some of the compounds were selective against cancer cells. The absence of hemolytic activity (EC 50 > 200 μg/mL), performed with erythrocyte suspensions, suggests that the cytotoxicity of the compounds was not related to membrane damage of mouse erythrocytes. For comparison purposes, one isomeric compound based on nor-α-lapachone was also synthesized and showed lower activity than the related ortho-derivative. The modified arylamino quinones appear as interesting new lead compounds in anti-cancer drug development.