Synthesis and Physicochemical Investigation of Novel Quaternary Ammonium Salt Cationic Gemini Surfactant Derived from Cyanuric Chloride

Abstract

AbstractThree novel quaternary ammonium salt cationic gemini surfactants (QAS Cn–2–Cn where n represents the hydrocarbon chain lengths of aliphatic amine, i.e., 6, 8, 12) were synthesized from 2,4,6–trichloro–1,3,5–triazine, ethylenediamine, N,N–dimethylpropane–1, 3–diamine and benzyl chloride. 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, ESI–MS spectra and elemental analysis were used to confirm the chemical structures of the prepared compounds. Their critical micelle concentrations (CMC) in the aqueous solutions were determined by surface–tension, electrical conductivity and steady–state fluorescence methods respectively. With the increasing length of the hydrophobic chain, the values of their CMC decreased. The values of CMC, γCMC, pC20, Гmax, and Amin were derived from surface tension measurements, while the thermodynamic parameters of micellization (∆Gmic° and ∆Gads°) were determined by electrical conductivity. These properties are significantly influenced by the hydrophobic chain length.