Abstract
Abstract In this paper, a novel zwitterionic copolymer AM/SSS/THDAB clay hydration dispersion inhibitor was synthesized by copolymerization of tris hydroxyethyl diallyl ammonium bromide (THDAB), sodium p-styrene sulfonate (SSS) and acrylamide (AM) initiated in an aqueous solution. The copolymer was characterized by FT-IR, GPC, TGA-DSC and SEM. Results demonstrated that molecular weight of AM/SSS/THDAB was 43674 g/mol and its temperature resistance ability was up to 225 °C. Evaluation experiments showed that AM/SSS/THDAB has an excellent clay hydration inhibitive performance. Methods including particle size analysis and SEM were utilized to study its dispersion inhibition mechanism by using sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT). Results indicated that the micro-structure of Na-MMT has been successfully changed by AM/SSS/THDAB. In a word, the superior inhibition property makes the novel clay hydration dispersion inhibitor promised in water-based drilling fluids.
Highlights
Drilling fluids are multicomponent systems used to aid the removal of cuttings from a borehole, and subject to a number of requirements to ensure a safe drilling operation[1]
For AM/sodium p-styrene sulfonate (SSS)/tris hydroxyethyl diallyl ammonium bromide (THDAB), the absorption peak at 3353 cm-1 was due to the -OH stretching of THDAB, the strong absorption peak recorded at 1663 cm-1 was assigned to the stretching vibration of C=O, the peaks at approximate 1219 cm-1 was assigned to the -SO3H stretching vibration, which indicated that SSS was involved in the copolymerization
In the hot-rolling recovery tests, we found that AM/SSS/THDAB showed excellent hydration inhibition property, a possible explanation to the result might be that the larger molecular weight part of AM/SSS/THDAB can be wrapped on clay surface because there are hydroxyl and quaternary ammonium functional groups in the side chain of copolymer
Summary
Drilling fluids are multicomponent systems used to aid the removal of cuttings from a borehole, and subject to a number of requirements to ensure a safe drilling operation[1]. The development of clay hydration dispersion inhibitor and high performance WBDFs are the timely pursuit of drilling engineering[4,5,6,7]. Works have proved that copolymer with low molecular weight showed excellent salt and temperature resistance ability in WBDFs, and low molecular weight polymers such as polyamine, hyperbranched polymer has greatly aroused the interest of oilfield researcher in drilling operations in the last ten years. Zhao et al.[12] has synthesized a zwitterionic copolymer AM/DMC/AMPS as a low-molecular-weight encapsulator in deep-water drilling fluid which have showed strong clay hydration inhibition performance. SSS and AM were copolymerized with a novel cationic monomer THDAB to synthesize a low molecular weight zwitterionic copolymer clay hydration dispersion inhibitor AM/SSS/THDAB for WBDFs. Where, AM acts as the backbone, THDAB acts as a functional monomer which ensure the adsorption of AM/SSS/THDAB. The inhibition performance was evaluated by hot rolling recovery rate experiments and the inhibition mechanism of AM/SSS/THDAB was discussed via particle size analysis and SEM in the text
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