Abstract
A novel process using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) containing well-distributed ligands as a medium for forming CdS nanocrystals by an ion coordination method is presented in this paper. PAN consists of a large number of repeat units, and each unit has a ligand or group like CN and CO. A metal ion with a strong capability of complexing, such as Cd, Zn, Mn, etc., can complex with the group in PAN, and the complexed metal ion will react with negative ionlike S2− to be transformed into semiconductor nanocrystals. This growth mechanism has been identified by the results of Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis. The typical morphologies observed by TEM show that the CdS nanocrystals are rather evenly distributed throughout the PAN film and the size is estimated to be about 1–10 nm in diameter, depending on the growth parameters. The results of x-ray diffraction show that the crystallites of CdS nanocrystals in PAN film might be a mixture of crystals including both α-hexagonal CdS and β-cubic CdS. Quantum-size effects at room temperature have been demonstrated using ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra, excitation, and emission spectra, respectively. A rather sharp and strong emission band peaked at about 610 nm was observed and its mechanism is also briefly discussed.
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