Abstract
The synthesis of single-crystalline hollandite-type manganese oxides Na2-xMn8O16 nanorods by a simple molten salt method is reported for the first time. The nanorods were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and a superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer. The magnetic measurements indicated that the nanorods showed spin glass behavior and exchange bias effect at low temperatures. The low-temperature magnetic behaviors can be explained by the uncompensated spins on the surface of the nanorods.
Highlights
One dimensional (1D) nanostructures including nanobelts, nanotubes, nanowires, and nanorods have attracted much attention due to their fascinating physical and chemical properties and their potential applications in nanodevices [1,2]
As the Na+ cation is on the small side to stabilize the 2 × 2 tunnels compared with K+ cation, it is difficult to synthesize Na2-xMn8O16 [3]
In summary, single-crystalline Na2-xMn8O16 nanorods were synthesized by a simple molten salt method for the first time
Summary
One dimensional (1D) nanostructures including nanobelts, nanotubes, nanowires, and nanorods have attracted much attention due to their fascinating physical and chemical properties and their potential applications in nanodevices [1,2]. Manganese oxides have a wide range of applications such as catalysts [3], ion sieves [4], and battery materials [5]. As a novel Mn3+-Mn4+ mixed valence system, hollandite-type compounds with chemical formula AxMn8O16 X ≤ 2) have been enthusiastically pursued for their applications in fast ionic conductors, solid state electrolytes, oxidation catalysts, and stable host materials for radioactive ions from nuclear wastes [9,10,11,12]. The crystal structure of the hollandite-type material is very porous, including 1D 2 × 2 tunnels among rigid MnO2 framework composed of edge-shared MnO6 octahedra [4,10,13]. The formation of KxMn8O16 with hollandite-type structure is very easy, since the K+ cation is of the ideal dimension to fit in the 2 × 2 tunnels. We report the synthesis of Na2-xMn8O16 nanorods by a very simple molten salt method for the first time
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