Synthesis and fabrication of HAp from fish scale waste to develop bone equivalent phantom

Abstract

Radiotherapy is one of a method to treat cancer. Before irradiating a patient, we need to understand the dose deposition and interaction of radiation with body. We introduce a tissue equivalent material called phantom to study the interaction and dose deposition. This study mainly focuses to understand the interaction of radiation with the bones. Since there are many tissue equivalent phantoms available and are in use and there is no bone equivalent phantom, there is a need of phantom which should be bone equivalent. Thus our study focuses on fabrication of bone equivalent phantom that too made of fish shell waste, which make it easy to synthesis and makes it environment friendly. The fabrication and synthesis of Hap from fish scale waste by undergoing a series of processes to develop bone equivalent calcined and uncalcined samples were made. Before its been exposed using a Linear accelerator (Varian – Unique performance), the fabricated HAp samples undergone a CT test to verify the Hounsfield unit with the value that of bones in humans. After the confirmation of CT number of the fabricated samples and its exposure with the LINAC for different MUs (300 Mu/min and 500 MU/min), it's been read by a TLD reader and GM counter. Finally the readings from the TLD and GM counter of the exposed calcined and uncalcined samples were compared to understand the efficiency of both the samples.