Synthesis and evaluation of the antimicrobial potentials of cobalt doped- and magnesium ferrite spinel nanoparticles

C O Ehi-Eromosele,O S Taiwo,O A Bamgboye,J A O Olugbuyirozz,C E Ango

doi:10.4314/bcse.v32i3.4

Abstract

The high incidence of infectious disease and increase in the incidence of antibiotic resistance has led to the exploitation of inorganic nanoparticles as novel antimicrobial agents owing to their unique physical and chemical properties. This study reports the synthesis and antibacterial activity of magnesium ferrite (MgFe 2 O 4 ) and cobalt doped magnesium ferrite (Co 0.8 Mg 0.2 Fe 2 O 4 )spinel nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs were synthesized using the low temperature combustion synthesis. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive absorption spectroscopy (EDAX) were used to characterize the synthesized NPs. The synthesized NPs exhibited good antibacterial properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia marcescens . None of the nanoparticles induced any microbial inhibition against Micrococcus varians , Aspergillus flavus , Bacillus substilis and Candida. albicans. Co 0.8 Mg 0.2 Fe 2 O 4 NPs gave better antibacterial activity with a zone of inhibition of >20 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli compared to MgFe 2 O 4 NPs. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Co 0.8 Mg 0.2 Fe 2 O 4 NPs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was 2500 µg/mL and 1250 µg/mL, respectively. The relatively high antibacterial effect exhibited by Co 0.8 Mg 0.2 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus suggests its potentials in the treatment of infections commonly associated with these microorganisms. KEY WORDS : Magnesium ferrite, Nanoparticles, Antibacterial activity, Combustion synthesis, Infectious disease Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2018 , 32(3), 451-458. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v32i3.4

Highlights

Despite intensive research efforts on chemotherapeutic antimicrobial agents over the last few decades, the incidence of infectious disease, antibiotic resistance and the associated morbidity and mortality still remains high [1, 2]
This therapeutic potentials of nanoparticles in biomedical applications stems from their unique physical and chemical properties such as nanometer size, greater surface area to volume ratio, greater bioavailability, ability to interact on cell surface and cross cell membrane
The antimicrobial potentials of silver nanoparticles have led to the surge in studies and exploitation of other inorganic NPs as antimicrobial agents

Summary

Introduction

Despite intensive research efforts on chemotherapeutic antimicrobial agents over the last few decades, the incidence of infectious disease, antibiotic resistance and the associated morbidity and mortality still remains high [1, 2]. Nanobiotechnology has attracted a lot of attention because of its therapeutic potentials in various biomedical applications This therapeutic potentials of nanoparticles in biomedical applications stems from their unique physical and chemical properties such as nanometer size, greater surface area to volume ratio, greater bioavailability, ability to interact on cell surface and cross cell membrane. These are the properties that are being exploited in nanobiotechnology to offset the inherent limitations associated with conventional/traditional therapeutic and diagnostic agents [3]. While the n-types are electron excess semiconductor with free electrons as charge carriers the p-types are electron

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