Synthesis and evaluation of in vitro bioactivity for vesicular acetylcholine transporter inhibitors containing two carbonyl groups

Abstract

To identify selective high-affinity ligands for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), we have incorporated a carbonyl group into the structures of trozamicol and prezamicol scaffolds, and also converted the secondary amines of the piperidines of trozamicols and prezamicols into amides. Of 18 new racemic compounds, 4 compounds displayed high affinity for VAChT (Ki=10–20nM) and greater than 300-fold selectivity for VAChT over σ1 and σ2 receptors, namely (4-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-4′-hydroxy-[1,3′-bipiperidin]-1′-yl)(3-methylthiophen-2-yl)methanone oxalate (9g) (Ki-VAChT=11.4nM, VAChT/σ1=1063, VAChT/σ2=370), (1′-benzoyl-4′-hydroxy-[1,3′-bipiperidin]-4-yl)(4-methoxyphenyl)methanone oxalate (10c) (Ki-VAChT=15.4nM, VAChT/σ1=374, VAChT/σ2=315), (4′-hydroxy-1′-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)-[1,3′-bipiperidin]-4-yl)(4-methoxyphenyl)methanone oxalate (10e) (Ki-VAChT=19.0nM, VAChT/σ1=1787, VAChT/σ2=335), and (4′-hydroxy-1′-(3-methylthiophene-2-carbonyl)-[1,3′-bipiperidin]-4-yl)(4-methoxyphenyl)methanone oxalate (10g) (Ki-VAChT=10.2nM, VAChT/σ1=1500, VAChT/σ2=2030). These four compounds can be radiosynthesized with C-11 or F-18 to validate their possibilities of serving as PET probes for quantifying the levels of VAChT in vivo.