Synthesis and Evaluation of Biotinylated Bivalent HistoBlood Group Antigens for Capturing Human Noroviruses

Abstract

Human noroviruses are the leading cause of epidemic and sporadic gastroenteritis in the US,1 and cause approximately 18% of all diarrheal infections globally.2 Noroviruses are a genetically and antigenically diverse group of nonenveloped single-stranded RNA viruses with a diameter of 27–40 nm and a genome of 7.5–7.7 kilobases in length. At least 7 different genogroups have been recognized of which viruses belonging to GI and GII cause the vast majority of infections in humans.3 The most commonly used diagnostic method is RT-qPCR assay. However, it is expensive and requires well-trained personnel. Marionneau and coworkers reported that recombinant Norwalk virus-like particles (VLPs) were able to recognize two types of HBGA, H type 1 and H type 3 antigens in 2002.4 Since then, the HBGA binding profiles of a wide variety of different norovirus genotypes have been studied that showed multiple different binding patterns.5 Herein, we report the synthesis of biotinylated bivalent H-type glycans using a modular synthetic strategy. The biotin provides a good handle for facile conjugation to high capacity streptavidin coated magnetic beads and the captured norovirus can be subjected to PCR analysis. These glycoconjugates were used to recover human norovirus from fecal samples using a magnetic bead-based assay, which exhibited similar or better capturing ability compared to commercial biotinylated glycopolymers.6 Support or Funding Information NIAID (R33-AI100246) Substrates and Workflow of the Assay This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.