Abstract
PPy-Cr2O3 hybrid flexible electrodes (HFEs) have been synthesized by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method using flexible aluminum (Al) strips (derived from cold drink cans) as substrates. For the synthesis, 0.1 M pyrrole and 0.02 M K2Cr2O7 dissolved in 0.5 M aqueous H2SO4 were used as precursors while the flexible aluminum strips derived from waste cold drink cans were used as substrates. XRD pattern shows the peak at 50.48^circ indicating the existence of rhombohedral Cr2O3 in the hybrid. FTIR spectrum corroborates the formation of hybrid. SEM image exhibits porous morphology with interconnected granules. TEM image depicts the Cr2O3 granules of average size 20 nm and PPy globules of average size 50 nm. The liquid–solid contact angle was found to be 10^circ 30{prime } indicating the near-superhydrophilic nature of HFE. Cyclic voltammetric (CV) analyses of HFEs have been carried out in each of 20 ml, 0.5 M solutions H2SO4, Na2SO4, and K2SO4. Changes in potential window, redox behavior and hence, the specific capacitance have been observed. The pseudocapacitance of HFE is combined effect of doping–dedoping of PPy matrix with SO42− anions as well as redox reaction shown by Cr2O3. HFE shows maximum specific capacitance 4246 Fg−1 in K2SO4 as measured from CV. HFE shows appreciable stability with 58.20% retention in capacitance even after 1000 cycles.
Highlights
Different materials are being discovered and used to prepare supercapacitive electrodes
We have studied the effect of electrolytic anions on the charge storage of Fe3O4 electrodes [24, 25]
Peaks corresponding to the existence of C, N, Cr and O were observed in EDX spectrum confirming the formation of hybrid (Fig. 2d)
Summary
Different materials are being discovered and used to prepare supercapacitive electrodes. Metal oxides [1,2,3,4,5], sulfides [6,7,8,9,10], conducting polymers [11], carbonaceous materials, etc., have been used till today. PPy suffers from poor elasticity of shape, poor cycling stability, and limited potential window. To overcome these limitations, co-polymerization [31], hybridization or composite formation is going on [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. The redox transitions of Cr between different oxidation states may be useful for charge storage. Present work focused on preparation of PPy-Cr2O3 hybrid flexible electrodes (HFEs) on the surface of Al substrate by simple, cost-effective SILAR method and analysis of the prepared HFEs physically using
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