Synthesis and Electrochemical Behavior of LiTi2(PO4)3 as Anode Materials for Aqueous Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

Abstract

Electrochemical intercalation of lithium ions into LiTi2(PO4)3 prepared by sol-gel method in 1 M Li2SO4 aqueous electrolyte solution was studied with cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was found that there was one step of intercalation for LiTi2(PO4)3 anode in the presence of aqueous electrolyte, corresponding to a pair of redox peak at ESCE = −0.67/−0.86 V. The initial discharge capacity of the LiTi2(PO4)3‖LiMn2O4 cell is 44.41 mAh g−1, the capacity retention of 67.3% after 60 cycles. The EIS for LiTi2(PO4)3 electrode consisted of two semicircles in the aqueous electrolyte, which were attributed to Schottky contact resistance and charge transfer process, respectively.