Abstract
Cerium dioxide (CeO2, ceria) is one of the important materials in the current many industrial fields such as glass polishing agents, and electrolyte materials of solid oxide fuel cells, three-way catalysts for automobile, as well as medical application (1–5). Physicochemical, electrical and optical applications are expected toward many advanced devices due to versatile properties of CeO2. Especially, the environmental catalysis using CeO2 powder materials is widely applied to remove poison gases in automotive engine exhaust. So called oxygen storage capacity (OSC) in three way catalysts (TWC) is one of important functions, in which ceria and its composite catalyst play very important role as oxygen absorption and desorption material. The OSC properties can control the oxygen pressure of exhaust due to fast absorption-desorption reaction of gaseous oxygen into and out from CeO2, leading to the best performance of noble metal catalyst of TWC. Thus, CeO2 is very efficient catalyst for the simultaneous elimination of pollutants including CO, HC, and NO in the automotive exhaust gases. Also, the OSC has enhanced removal reaction by oxidation of CO (and hydrocarbons) on CeO2 to form nonstoichiometric CeO2-x, as following.
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