Synthesis and crystal structural analysis of bismuth phosphovanadate compounds: An eco-friendly and recyclable catalyst for green synthesis of imidazole derivatives

Abstract

In this investigation, our primary objective is to synthesize and characterize a bismuth phosphovanadate compound Bi13V0.8-xBa0.1PxO21.55 isotype to γ-Bi2O3 of sillenite type and space group is I23. This compound serves as a catalyst for the environmentally friendly synthesis of imidazole derivatives. These derivatives are produced via the reaction of benzil, ammonium acetate, and aromatic aldehydes, yielding satisfactory yields ranging from 87 % to 96 %. The composite catalyst underwent thorough characterization using a variety of analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The investigations revealed the excellent performance of this catalyst system. The findings revealed that this catalyst system exhibited excellent performance, offering advantages such as quick reaction time, high product yields, and a simple workup procedure. Moreover, the catalyst demonstrated high stability and could be recovered for at least five repeated runs, providing cost-effective benefits and aligning with principles of green chemistry. This method has the potential to serve as an environmentally friendly protocol for synthesizing other heterocyclic compounds.