Synthesis and clinical application of new drugs approved by FDA in 2022

Abstract

The pharmaceutical industry had a glorious year in 2022, with a total of 37 new drugs including 20 new chemical entities (NCEs) and 17 new biological entities (NBEs) approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These drugs are mainly concentrated in oncology, central nervous system, antiinfection, hematology, cardiomyopathy, dermatology, digestive system, ophthalmology, MRI enhancer and other therapeutic fields. Of the 37 drugs, 25 (68%) were approved through an expedited review pathway, and 19 (51%) were approved to treat rare diseases. These newly listed drugs have unique structures and new mechanisms of action, which can serve as lead compounds for designing new drugs with similar biological targets and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. This review aims to outline the clinical applications and synthetic methods of 19 NCEs newly approved by the FDA in 2022, but excludes contrast agent (Xenon Xe-129). We believe that an in-depth understanding of the synthetic methods of drug molecules will provide innovative and practical inspiration for the development of new, more effective, and practical synthetic techniques. According to the therapeutic areas of these 2022 FDA-approved drugs, we have classified these 19 NCEs into seven categories and will introduce them in the order of their approval for marketing.