Synthesis and Characterization of Water in Diesel Emulsions

Abstract

AbstractAir pollution from the combustion of diesel has demonstrated significant interest in synthesizing a non-polluting diesel fuel for an enhanced and clean environment. One such example is the emulsion fuel; water in diesel (WinD). In the present work, the goal is to synthesize an alternative fuel system consisting of (WinD) emulsions focusing on the reduced exhaust emissions, high mileage, and increased efficiency of engines. The effect of surfactant concentration on the emulsion stability plays a vital role and it is studied through the formulation of the emulsions with different fuel blend proportions. The dispersion of the surfactant resulted in a clear emulsion with a high transparency level is considered as a stable emulsion. Here, the SPAN 80(S) and Brij 30(B) are used as the surfactants, and the stabilized emulsions are obtained using high energy homogenizer; with the various proportions. Furthermore, the fuel characteristics such as viscosity, density, flash and fire point, the heat of combustion, and stability of the emulsions were compared with standard values of diesel. The physical stability under the ambient conditions was noticed to be stable for 40 days. The more stable proportion to be synthesized were WinD 24, WinD 27, WinD 30, WinD 36, WinD 37.KeywordsPollutionWater in diesel emulsionSurfactantStabilityViscosity