Abstract
Ultrasmall nanocrystalline NiSm0.01Fe1.99O4 and Ni1−x Zn x Sm0.01Ga0.5Fe1.49O4 (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.5) ferrites were synthesized by sol-gel method. The effect of Ga and Zn substitution on the particle size and structural and magnetic properties was investigated using X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Mossbauer effect spectroscopy (ME), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. XRD measurements suggest the formation of single-phase spinel ferrites with ultrasmall particles size ranging from 4 to 8 nm. Mossbauer effect measurements show a clear signature of superparamagnetism in the studied samples, where the reduced particle size causes the broadening of the Mossbauer spectra and the presence of a pronounced central doublet in all the measured samples. VSM measurements show a strong reduction of saturation magnetization due to size effects.
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