Abstract
A new approach to synthesize graphene is oxidizing graphite powder with a mixture of H2SO4/H3PO4 acids and potassium permanganate. Parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, and amount of concentration were varied to study the degree of oxidation of graphite to graphene oxide. Currently, an improved method for the preparation of graphene oxide was the most common one. A mixture of H2SO4/H3PO4 (9 : 1 volume ratio) instead of only H2SO4 resulted in increased hydrophilic and oxidized GO without the emission of toxic gas, which differs from the traditional Hummers’ method. The graphene oxide (GO) was converted to reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by chemical reduction using ascorbic acid as the reducing agent. The GO and rGO were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction patterns. The result showed that treating graphite powder with potassium permanganate (1 : 9) and a mixture of concentrated H2SO4/H3PO4 acids at 50°C for 12 hours resulted in a better oxidation degree. The designed synthesis strategy could be easily controlled and is an alternative green approach for the production of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide.
Highlights
IntroductionGraphene is one of the recent miracle materials
Graphene-based materials are playing a great role in the world in every aspect
Scheme 1(a) shows that the powder of graphite is dark with a luster. It can be seen from Scheme 1(b) that the graphite oxidized by concentrated H2SO4/H3PO4 and KMnO4 is greenish dark paste
Summary
Graphene is one of the recent miracle materials It has many applications in the electronics world since it is the most thinnest, transparent, strongest, and conductive material [1]. E Tour method demonstrated a less hazardous and more efficient method for graphite oxidation. Is and its modified versions are presently the most commonly used methods for the oxidation of graphite [2, 3]. In the most successful cases, the chemical reduction of GO was conducted using hydrazine or hydrazine hydrate. These are highly poisonous and explosive [4] that precautions must be taken when large quantities are used
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