Abstract
This article describes chemically modified polyaniline and graphene (PANI/GP) composite nanofibers prepared by self-assembly process using oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer and graphene in the presence of a solution containing poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) (PMVEA). Characterization of the composite nanofibers was carried out by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images revealed the size of the PANI nanofibers ranged from 90 to 360 nm in diameter and was greatly influenced by the proportion of PMVEA and graphene. The composite nanofibers with an immobilized DNA probe were used for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by using an electrochemical technique. A photochemical indicator, methylene blue (MB) was used to monitor the hybridization of target DNA by using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. The detection range of DNA biosensor was obtained from of 10−6–10−9 M with the detection limit of 7.853 × 10−7 M under optimum conditions. The results show that the composite nanofibers have a great potential in a range of applications for DNA sensors.
Highlights
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), is one of the infectious diseases that cause numerous deaths worldwide, with latent infection affecting as much as a quarter of the world’s population [1]
PANI/GP nanocomposite solution (5 g/mL) was prepared by dispersing of PANI/GP powder in chloroform. 10 μl of the nanocomposite solution was drop casted onto the surface of screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and dried for 3 h at room temperature
The average fiber diameters of the nanofibers measured from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were 95 ± 10 nm, 170 ± 7 nm, 125 ± 12
Summary
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), is one of the infectious diseases that cause numerous deaths worldwide, with latent infection affecting as much as a quarter of the world’s population [1]. Some of the common detection methods for TB infection include acid-fast staining [7], culturing on Lowenstein-Jensen media [8] and the real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) [9]. These old conventional methods are not highly sensitive towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogens. To the best of our knowledge, there are not many reports [14,28] that study conducting polymer nanofiber-graphene composite as a biosensor for the detection Mycobacterium tuberculosis and their properties as modified electrodes. The properties of the modified electrode and its preliminary application as a DNA biosensor were described in detail
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