Synthesis and Characterization of Perlite Filled Bio-Based Polyrethane Composites with Low Thermal Conductivity

Abstract

The study below discusses the preparation and characterization of energy-efficient low thermal conductive biobased polyurethane perlite composites as building blocks. The aim of this study is based on the production of green building composite materials that utilize the minimum amount of fossil fuel while applying the maximum amount of bioorganic content for an ultimate cut-off in greenhouse gas emission. These blocks have low thermal conductivity for achieving maximum energy efficiency and thermal comfort in all climatic conditions. In this thesis, expanded perlite is used as an aggregate while the castor oil-based polyurethane is used as a compacting base. Expanded perlite is first weighed and then the measurements are used to determine the proposition of isocyanate and castor oil to be used to prepare polyurethane respectively. Expended perlite having the biggest proposition, is introduced to castor oil-based polyurethane at a ratio of 7:3 and 6:4 respectively and mixed thoroughly until all particles of expanded perlite are incomplete coverage with the compacting element (Polyurethane). The mixture is then put in 5 by 5 by 5 square-shaped frameworks, shaken, pressed, and left for 24hrs in room temperature before putting them in the 180C oven overnight. Various blocks are produced in different proportions according to the mixing ratio and their properties are determined accordingly. It is established that the blocks with a higher proportion of perlite (7:3) have low thermal conductivity properties that are more effective heat insulating material. On the other hand 6:4 xv perlite to polyurethane blocks shows strong mechanical strength and its low thermal conductivity properties are inclined to insulating cold likely for cold climatic conditions. Biobased Polyurethane Perlite composite having perlite which is a heat-insulating low thermally conductive material mixed with Polyurethane a cold insulating low thermally conductive material achieved unique properties for energy efficiency and thermal comfort masonry block for all climatic conditions. This study gives room for further exploration into energy-efficient green building composite materials for the internal comfort of buildings as chances open up for the ever-growing population to inhabit the extremely cold and hot regions of the earth. These blocks also have other suitable properties that include low density, water resistance, flexible control of quality, ease of production, and cost-effectiveness