Abstract
Industrial ferrous wastes found their application in construction. However, they are mostly stored polluting the environment. In the current work, possibility of value added products synthesis from steel slag with their further use as catalysts was investigated. Slag-based catalysts were obtained by alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide by variation of synthesis parameters. The physico-chemical properties of the synthesized materials were determined by N2-physisorption, SEM, EDX, TEM, XRD and TPD. Slag-based catalysts were applied in the transformation of wood biomass, namely softwood sawdust. Novel catalytic materials synthesized from industrial slag exhibited the presence of strong basic sites and highly crystalline phases of SiO2, Al2O3, CaCO3, Ca(OH)2, Fe2O3, MgO and TiO2. Alkaline treatment of the raw material promoted creation of mesoporosity and an increase of the surface area. Catalytic fast pyrolysis of pine sawdust displayed variations in the yields of the reaction products in the presence of catalysts as compared to thermal fast pyrolysis.Graphical
Highlights
Studies on utilization and upgrading of solid residual materials from bulk chemical, petro-chemical, metallurgical, steel and nuclear industry are gaining importance for both academia and Topics in Catalysis (2019) 62:738–751 industry
According to the European association of manufacturing and utilization of ferrous slag products (EUROSLAG), industrial slags found their predominant application in different fields such as road construction [6,7,8], cement production [9,10,11,12] and can be used as heat carriers [13]
The main purpose of this research was synthesis of slagbased materials, which can be used as catalysts in fast pyrolysis of biomass
Summary
Studies on utilization and upgrading of solid residual materials from bulk chemical, petro-chemical, metallurgical, steel and nuclear industry are gaining importance for both academia and Topics in Catalysis (2019) 62:738–751 industry. The issue of slag recycling from pyrometallurgical processing of natural ores attracts attention of many scientists in connection with a possibility of converting slags in to valueadded products and reduction waste [1]. A by-product of complex and diverse chemical composition, is produced during recovery of iron from the ores (blast furnace slag (BFS)) or recycled materials in the process of steel manufacturing [2]. A typical composition of ferrous slags presented in Table 1 is dominated by Ca and Si with variable amounts of Al, Fe and Mg. The other major elements are K, Na and Ti with average amounts lower than 2 wt% [3, 4]. According to the European association of manufacturing and utilization of ferrous slag products (EUROSLAG), industrial slags found their predominant application in different fields such as road construction [6,7,8], cement production [9,10,11,12] and can be used as heat carriers [13]
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