Abstract
The incidence of skin cancer is increasing both because of climate change and the increase in pollution than people’s incorrect habits of sun exposure. In these regards, sunscreen and photoprotection are essential tools in consenting the benefits induced by safe solar light exposition and skin cancer prevention. In this work, a new class of sunscreen filter was synthesized by chemical combination of a physical filter (ZnO) and Oxisol (dihydroxyphenyl benzimidazole carboxylic acid), an antioxidant molecule with booster effect. In this work, a new class of filters with new properties was achieved by direct functionalization of particles surface. A full characterization of this multifunctional ingredient (ZnO–Ox) was conducted: Compared with the simple mixture, the new filter acts as a multifunctional molecule showing a higher Sun Protection Factor (SPF), a better cytotoxic profile (MTT and NRU assay), and anti-acne activity. A strong reduction of photocatalytic activity of ZnO was observed, also improving the safety profile.
Highlights
IntroductionLife on earth would be impossible without the sun (which helps to give light, heat, and energy), fossil data show that all life on earth originated in the sea and that life on earth became possible only when the ozone layer covered the earth
Solar radiation is critical to human life and health, but in recent years, significant progress has been made to understand the pathological effect of UV radiation from erythema, delayed tanning, photo-immunosuppression, photoaging, and photo-carcinogenesis.Molecules 2019, 24, 4546; doi:10.3390/molecules24244546 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules life on earth would be impossible without the sun, fossil data show that all life on earth originated in the sea and that life on earth became possible only when the ozone layer covered the earth
This study aimed to investigate the possible formation of adducts of dihydroxyphenyl benzimidazole carboxylic acid (Oxisol) to zinc oxide (ZnO) in order to compare some of our interesting results previously obtained by physical mixtures of the two
Summary
Life on earth would be impossible without the sun (which helps to give light, heat, and energy), fossil data show that all life on earth originated in the sea and that life on earth became possible only when the ozone layer covered the earth. Life became possible thanks to two different systems of nature protection: The ionosphere, which reflects X-rays into space, and the ozone layer, which absorbs the shortest UV rays. ZnO as sunscreen in the Australian outback, assuming the first association between sun exposure and skin cancer in a book, published in the same year, but which was largely ignored until the early. The chemistry of sun filters has evolved into molecules that, if applied in the correct formulation, give an end product with excellent cosmetic properties, photo-stability, and total protection in the UVA/UVB region [2]
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