Abstract
With incredible hardness and excellent wear-resistance, nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) coatings are gaining interest in the biomedical community as articulating surfaces of structural implant devices. The focus of this study was to deposit multilayered diamond coatings of alternating NCD and microcrystalline diamond (MCD) layers on Ti-6Al-4V alloy surfaces using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) and validate the multilayer coating’s effect on toughness and adhesion. Multilayer samples were designed with varying NCD to MCD thickness ratios and layer numbers. The surface morphology and structural characteristics of the coatings were studied with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Coating adhesion was assessed by Rockwell indentation and progressive load scratch adhesion tests. Multilayered coatings shown to exhibit the greatest adhesion, comparable to single-layered NCD coatings, were the multilayer samples having the lowest average grain sizes and the highest titanium carbide to diamond ratios.
Highlights
The generation of wear debris from the articulating surfaces of total joint replacements can lead to a variety of complications, including inflammation, osteolysis, and aseptic loosening at the implant site [1,2,3]
nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) coatings produced by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) exhibit many desirable properties such as excellent wear resistance, minimal surface roughness, and chemical inertness which are favorable to orthopaedic implants
This study describes the synthesis of multilayered diamond coatings of alternating NCD and microcrystalline diamond (MCD)
Summary
The generation of wear debris from the articulating surfaces of total joint replacements can lead to a variety of complications, including inflammation, osteolysis, and aseptic loosening at the implant site [1,2,3]. NCD coatings produced by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) exhibit many desirable properties such as excellent wear resistance, minimal surface roughness, and chemical inertness which are favorable to orthopaedic implants. Previous studies of NCD coated Ti-6Al-4V disks have demonstrated reduced wear rates versus CoCrMo alloys [4]. NCD coatings on Ti-6Al-4V substrates synthesized by MPCVD with methane, hydrogen, and nitrogen plasma chemistry have been previously reported to exhibit good adhesion [7,8]. These coatings featured excellent surface roughness (14–30 nm) and high hardness (70–90 GPa). Previous studies of multilayered CVD diamond coatings on temporomandibular joint components demonstrated enhanced wear characteristics versus single-layered
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