Abstract
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is an excellent membrane-forming polymer and can be modified with potato starch and methyl acrylate monomers to obtain copolymers with improved physical and chemical properties. The study presents the synthesis of poly(vinyl alcohol)-g-starch-poly(methyl acrylate) PVA-g-St-g-PMA copolymers using microwave irradiation technique and potassium persulfate initiator. Solution casting and solvent evaporation methods were adopted for the fabrication of polyvinyl alcohol-g-starch-acrylamide composite membranes. The synthesized graft copolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. The modified nanocomposite membranes were showed very promising results with the parameters permeability and selectivity. The nanocomposite membranes exhibited the advantages of easy handling and reuse.
Highlights
Ten basic greenhouse gases are identified which include vapors of water (H2 O), carbon dioxide (CO2 ), methane (CH4 ), and nitrous oxide (N2 O) that are naturally occurring.Because of Industrial activities Perfluorocarbons (CF4, C2 F6 ), hydrofluorocarbons (CHF3, CF3 CH2 F, and CH3 CHF2 ), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6 ), are present in the atmosphere.Water vapor is the most significant, abundant, and leading greenhouse gas, the second one is the CO2 is the second-most important one [1,2,3,4]
The most common methods adopted by the people to separate the gases are (a) Separation with solvent/sorbents (b) Separation by cryogenic distillation and (c) Separation with Membranes
The FTIR spectrum of synthesized membrane i.e., Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-g-St-g-PMA matrix is shown in Figure 2c, which showed a peak at 3434.3 cm− 1, representing the presence of intermolecular hydroxyl groups
Summary
Water vapor is the most significant, abundant, and leading greenhouse gas, the second one is the CO2 is the second-most important one [1,2,3,4]. A day’s it is very necessary for most industries is that treatment of fumes from coal-fired plants especially aiming for CO2 removal to reduce pollution and decrease the greenhouse effect. The focus is given to other applications such as the separation and purification of economically important gases such as H2 , O2, and CH4 from natural gas. Among all the techniques adopted, the membrane separation technique is the most fusible and economic technique so far considered [5,6,7]
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