Abstract
Dye sensitized solar cell represents a promising method for the conversion of solar energy to electric energy. In the present work free N,N'-bis(salicyli-dene)ethylenediamine and its copper (II) complex were synthesized, characterized, and investigated for use as dye sensitizers in the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells. The dyes were characterized using UV-Vis, Steady State Florescence, and Fluorescence Lifetime, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and Cyclic Voltammetry. The thermogravimetric analyses of the ligand and the ligand Copper complex demonstrate the stabilizing effect of the copper ion on the ligand complex. Additionally, the copper ion is shown to stabilize the structure, as evidenced by the 150oC increase in the extrapolated onset temperature of the decomposition event. The ligand copper complex is further stabilized by the presence of the copper, which is determined by the 6.34% residue that remained at the end of the thermogravimetric analysis, compared with 0% residue when applying the same condition for the ligand without copper. The current-voltage characteristics of the cells and the electrochemical impedance were determined. The photovoltaic performance of the solar cell devices fabricated using N,N'-bis(salicylidene) ethylenediamine dye was found to be slightly better than those produced from the copper complex. The solar to electric power efficiency of the ligand-based dye sensitized solar cell was 0.14% and that of the copper complex was found to 0.12%. Although the difference in the cell efficiency is quite small, it is obvious that the insertion of Copper into the ligand did not enhance the performance of the solar cells. The photocurrent-photovoltage results are consistent with the absorption spectra that showed a more prominent band for the ligand. The free hydroxyl groups, present in the ligand but absent from the copper complex owing to their coordination with the copper metal, could be responsible for the difference in the performance of the devices. The hydroxyl groups get attached to the TiO2 and facilitate the transfer of electrons.
Highlights
Imines are uncharged compounds which contain a carbon-nitrogen double bond
The ligand copper complex is further stabilized by the presence of the copper, which is determined by the 6.34% residue that remained at the end of the thermogravimetric analysis, compared with 0% residue when applying the same condition for the ligand without copper
We have synthesized a pair of Salicylidene aminato compounds, one with a copper metal and the other without a copper metal
Summary
Imines are uncharged compounds which contain a carbon-nitrogen double bond. Molecules of this type are used as synthetic intermediates, and they are of interest as biologically important molecules [1] [2] [3]. Imines are useful in so many applications They are very important for transition metal based catalytic reactions such as epoxidation of olefins, lactide polymerization, and hydroxylation. [5] Some investigators have reported the synthesis and use of N,N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine zinc(II) iodide as an electrolyte for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) [6]. We were interested in the possible use of N,N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine as photosensitizer for dye sensitized solar cells owing to their absorption characteristics. The synthesis, spectral, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of N,N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (ligand) and its copper (II) complex (ligand Cu(II)) are discussed in the present work
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