Abstract
In this work, diethyl citrate (DEC) was synthesized and isolated for further physicochemical characterization and phase equilibria study. The synthesis was performed via partial esterification of citric acid with ethanol, and the final product was separated from the resulting mixture using a pH-controlled solvent extraction method. Characterization using 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of both DEC isomers with few impurities. Results indicate that a 6:5 molar ratio of the symmetric to the nonsymmetric ester structures was attained during synthesis. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry allowed us to measure, for the first time, glass transition temperature (228 K) and decomposition temperature (493 K) of diethyl citrate. Additionally, P–x data for the vapor–liquid equilibrium of the binary mixtures diethyl citrate + ethanol and diethyl citrate + water were collected at 308 K using an accurate dynamic device. Data were regressed to generate binary interacti...
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