Synthesis and characterization of cerium, silver and copper oxide nanoparticles and their anticancer potential of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cancer cells

Abstract

The current work employs the traditional chemical (precipitation) approach for synthesis, characterization and application of silver (AgO2), cerium (CeO2), and copper (CuO2) nanoparticles (NPs) against hepatocellular carcinoma. Nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by advance instrumental techniques including scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and elemental mapping, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of fabricated NPs was tested on human liver cancer line (HepG2). Initial confirmation of NPs was done using UV-Visible spectroscopy. The distinct (2q) peak associated with various forms was verified by XRD data. SEM-EDS and EDX were used to verify the existence of the synthesized NPs. In a secondary electron (SE) SEM image, particles were clustered in a less porous form via a clustered shape. Three NPs were identified to have an average size less than 56 nm. The standard parameters of all three nanoparticles matched perfectly according to FTIR analysis. Chemically-synthesized silver, cerium and copper NPs have 53%, 44%, and 46% inhibition response at 100 µg/ml concentration against HepG2 cells. Current study demonstrated dose dependent effect of chemically synthesized NPs against hepatic cancer cell line with maximum inhibition at higher concentration (100 µg/ml).