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Abstract
Carbon nanospheres were synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of four different carbon sources: xylose, glucose, sucrose, and pine wood derived saccharides. The obtained carbon nanospheres were characterized for particle morphology and size, and surface functional groups. Morphological and structural differences among these saccharides derived HTC carbons were clearly observed. Scanning electron microscopy images of carbon nanospheres from HTC of xylose showed uniform spherical particles with diameters around 80 nm, while carbon nanospheres obtained from glucose, sucrose, and pine-derived saccharides had particle size in the range of 100-150 nm, 300-400 nm, and 50-100 nm, respectively. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide were primary gaseous phase products during the HTC process. In addition, methane, propane, hydrogen, and benzene were detected in the gas phase. Citation: Yan, Q., Li, R., Toghiani, H., Cai, Z., and Zhang, J. (2015). Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanospheres Obtained by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Wood-derived and Other Saccharides. Trends in Renewable Energy, 1(2), 119-128. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2015.1.2.0012
Highlights
Carbonaceous materials have been widely used in diverse industries due to their superior properties such as good electrical conductivity, high surface area and porosity, and their specific surface chemistry
Highly functionalized carbonaceous materials were synthesized from four different carbon sources by using a moderate temperature hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process
The results showed that the highest and lowest carbon nanospheres yields were obtained from xylose and sucrose, respectively
Summary
Carbonaceous materials have been widely used in diverse industries due to their superior properties such as good electrical conductivity, high surface area and porosity, and their specific surface chemistry. Carbonaceous materials are produced from carboncontaining compounds by thermal, chemical or hydrothermal processes in gas, liquid, or solid phases [1]. The physical and chemical properties as well as the structure of formed carbons are affected by both reaction conditions and the feedstock [2]. Various feedstocks such as cyclohexane and acetylene have been used to produce nanoscale carbons. These raw sources were not sustainable or renewable and these processes were usually expensive. The objective of this work is to develop a simple process to produce nanoscale carbon particles with renewable materials such as pine wood-derived saccharides
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