Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Batteries

Abstract

The mode of carbon material synthesis and treatment gives the possibility of varying electrode zero charge potential (ZCP), acid-base properties and surface charge in a wide range. This is induced by different carbon matrix perfections and modification of it by heteroatoms and surface groups. The dependence of surface charge and the electrode potential of carbon body formation on carbon matrix perfection and the temperature of pyrolysis was studied. ZCP and electrode potentials Est in fixed and fluidized beds consisting of dispersed activated carbons of different origin (natural or polymeric initial materials, synthesized at different temperatures) were measured in electrolyte solutions. Calculations of carbon matrix energies in dependence of matrix size, presence of different surface functional groups and heteroatoms were carried out. In conclusion, electrochemical double layer (EDL) and electrode potential formation on carbon materials does not only occur as a result of interaction with any functional groups, but as a general effect of such groups and of the carbon matrix perfection on its electron donor properties.