Abstract
Abstract Dairy byproduct is known for its valuable chemical and nutritional content possessing high market potential. Notwithstanding, it is tractable to exploit its utilization. The waste generated is organic and having huge energy potential. The objective of current research is to synthesize novel catalyst from a dairy based solid waste called Ghee Residue by chemical activation process and deploy it for the production of iso-butyl lactate. Surface identity of catalyst was furnished using Brunauer-Emmet Teller (BET) method and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Effect of variables like reaction time, temperature of reaction and loading of catalyst on lactic acid conversion were studied. In addition to this, reaction kinetics modelling was performed using 2nd order pseudo-homogeneous approach. It was inferred that, both internal as well as external resistance of mass transfer could not offer any influence on overall rate of reaction in this esterification. Optimum condition for esterification reaction was at 368 K with 3% catalyst loading giving the highest conversion around 74%. The energy of activation for the present system using synthesized catalyst was 41.5 kJ/mol and found to be lower in comparison with the other catalysts. Although, the activity of GRC declined gradually less than 10% from the activity of the several reaction cycle.
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