Abstract
DNA sensing always has an open meadow of curiosity for biotechnologists and other researchers. Recently, in this field, we have introduced an emerging class of molecules containing azo and guanidine functionalities. In this study, we have synthesized three new compounds (UA1, UA6 and UA7) for potential application in DNA sensing in alcoholic medium. The synthesized materials were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-visible, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopies. Their DNA sensing potential were investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy. The insight of interaction with DNA was further investigated by electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry) and hydrodynamic (viscosity) studies. The results showed that compounds have moderate DNA binding properties, with the binding constants range being 7.2 × 103, 2.4 × 103 and 0.2 × 103 M−1, for UA1, UA6 and UA7, respectively. Upon binding with DNA, there was a change in colour (a blue shift in the λmax value) which was observable with a naked eye. These results indicated the potential of synthesized compounds as DNA sensors with detection limit 1.8, 5.8 and 4.0 ng µl−1 for UA1, UA6 and UA7, respectively.
Highlights
DNA sensing is a vast field of interest in science
SYBR Green-I was considered the best alternative of Ethidium bromide (EtBr) in the sense of safety [1], but a few years ago, it was discovered that SYBR Green-I is more mutagenic than EtBr because it binds more strongly with DNA and causes DNA deformation
Reaction for the synthesis of test molecules: UA1, UA6 and UA7
Summary
DNA sensing is a vast field of interest in science. It is helpful to study the ways of inheritance in life. SYBR Green-I was considered the best alternative of EtBr in the sense of safety [1], but a few years ago, it was discovered that SYBR Green-I is more mutagenic than EtBr because it binds more strongly with DNA and causes DNA deformation These studies lead to the development of a hypothesis, i.e. the dyes with weak DNA binding ability and better probing ability would be the best DNA sensing agents [12]. In our most recent study, we synthesized novel azo-guanidine derivatives These synthetic compounds were characterized by instrumental techniques such as elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Their DNA detection ability, binding behaviour and binding constants have been discussed in this manuscript
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